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The Zurich model is the approach by the city of , Switzerland, which permits its public transportation system to achieve and maintain a high . Many other cities have emulated elements of it, especially when new or systems were introduced.


History
In the 1970s, Zurich was planning to move many of the tram lines in its central area into tunnels. This project was rejected in a . In the 1970s, a project to create an underground railway was similarly rejected.

Despite the failures of these attempts to provide Zurich with a different kind of transportation system, public transportation in Zurich has maintained a high , with 65% of people commuting within the city doing so by public transport and only 17% using cars. In his book , Alain de Botton has suggested why the model is so effective:


Elements of the model
The model has the following characteristics:
  • A dense network providing many direct connections and short .
  • High priorities at intersections.
  • Low impact of on operations.
  • Parking maximums (introduced in 1989), followed by parking limits in the downtown (1996).


Public transport entities
The public transportation system in the city of Zurich consists of the following elements, which are part of the Zurich transportation network (Zürcher Verkehrsverbund, ZVV):

  • Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich (VBZ)
  • Motor buses of VBZ, VBG, PostAuto, and AZZK
  • , a commuter rail and rapid transit hybrid system serving all 28 railway stations in the city (and linking them with other stations within the Zurich Metropolitan Area)
  • (ZSG), operating on and the river


See also
  • Health impact of light rail systems
  • Finnish models of public transport
  • Melbourne Principles

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